How the Thai Flag Reflects the Nation’s Identity and Unity

The National Flag of Thailand

The National Flag of Thailand, also known as Thong Trairong in the local Thai language, was officially adopted on September 28, 1917. It features five horizontal bands of red (top), white, blue (double width), white, and red. The colors have significant symbolism: red symbolizes the nation and the blood of life, white represents the religion of Buddhism and the purity of the Buddhist faith, and blue stands for the monarchy. The flag has a width-to-length ratio of 2:3.

History of the Flag of Thailand

The flag has undergone various changes over the years. During the era when the country was known as Siam, the flag was plain red without any symbol. However, a white Chakra was later added at the center, followed by the placement of a white elephant, which is viewed as the national animal of Thailand. Subsequent changes included the removal of the chakra and the elephant, as well as the addition of two new colors – white and blue, with the blue color honoring the Allied Countries during WWI. In 1917, the flag was decreed by King Rama VI as the official flag of Thailand.

Symbols of Thailand

The National Coat of Arms/Emblem of Thailand is a Garuda from Buddhist and Hindu mythology, symbolizing divine power and the king’s authority. The national motto is “Chat, Satsana, Phra Maha Kasat” (Nation, Religion, King), and the national anthem is “Phleng Chat Thai” (“Thai National Anthem”).

The Currency of Thailand

The official currency of Thailand is the Thai baht (฿, THB), which has been in use since 1897. The baht is a decimal currency with a sub-unit called “satang”. There are various denominations of coins and banknotes in circulation, each featuring a portrait of King Rama IX (Bhumibol Adulyadej) on the front.

Historical Currencies of Thailand

Before the adoption of banknotes and flat coins, Thailand used Cowrie Shells, Prakab (Baked Clay Coins), and Pot Duang (Bullet coins) as their currency. The introduction of paper money, Mai, during King Mongkut’s reign, faced challenges and was eventually replaced by the baht in 1897.